Indulgenze, 1722-1934.

Catholic Church. Congregatio Negotiis et Consultationibus Episcoporum et Regularium Praeposita.

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This congregation is generally known simply as Bishops and Regulars. Its origin can be traced to the cardinalatial commission set up by Pius V (1566-1572) under the apostolic visitor, Bartolomeo di Porcia in 1570, to examine relations with the patriarch of Aquileia. The commission continued to function even after its initial task had been accomplished. Gregory XIII (1572-1585), recognizing the usefulness of these visits, used it for other purposes from 1573 to 1576, particularly for...

Catholic Church. Poenitentiaria Apostolica

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The Apostolic Penitentiary has jurisdiction for the sacramental and nonsacramental internal forum (i.e., matters affecting the private spiritual good of individuals); issues decisions on questions of conscience; grants absolutions, dispensations, commutations, sanations and condonations; and has charge of nondoctrinal matters pertaining to indulgences. It is one of the three tribunals of the Holy See. Some find traces of it, or at least the idea for it, in the works of t...

Catholic Church. Congregatio Indulgentiis Sacrisque Reliquiis Praepositae.

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Catholic Church. Congregatio Sacrorum Rituum

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This congregation was established by Sixtus V as the Congregatio pro Sacris Ritibus et Caeremoniis (constitution Immensa aeterni Dei, Jan. 22, 1588). According to some authors, it absorbed a cardinalatial commission formed by Gregory XIII, as early as 1572, to reform the ceremonies of the papal chapel. Although the principal task of the new congregation was to attend to the moderation of the Latin liturgy "in all the churches of Rome and throughout the world," the bulk of its work w...

Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Negotiis Ecclesiasticis Extraordinariis.

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Catholic Church. Congregatio Ceremonialis.

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Catholic Church. Rota Romana

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From the earliest days of the Church judicial problems and reserved cases were referred to Rome for solution. By the end of the twelfth century this continual and ever-increasing flood of requests became too burdensome for the Consistory of Cardinals. The popes, therefore, began to refer cases to members of the papal household who were called cappellani papae. This group, which was dependent on the Apostolic Chancery (ID VATV032-A), seems to be the antecedent, if not the origin of t...

Catholic Church

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During much of Doctor José Gaspar de Francia's dictatorship (1814-1840), Paraguay was without a bishop and the church was harrassed. From the description of Libro de providencias, ordenes, y autos : por Dn. Juan Antonio Riveras, cura rector de la parrequial de la Villeta : manuscript, 1804-1857. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 612746619 An antiphonary is a book containing sacred vocal music, both the antiphons of the breviary, and the musical notes. An antiphon it...

Catholic Church. Secretariatus Status

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The office of secretarius intimus (private secretary) was entrusted by Leo X (1513-1521) to Pietro Ardighello, an assistant to Cardinal Giulio de' Medici (the future Clement VII [1523-1534] and a cousin of Leo X), who took over the direction of foreign affairs dealing with all correspondence in the vernacular, especially with the apostolic nuncios who were entrusted by that time with diplomatic missions of a permanent character. The correspondence was carried on in the name but no longer under t...

Catholic Church. Congregatio Visitationis Apostolicae

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In order to understand the significance of this institution, it is necessary to recall the specific duty that every bishop had to visit his own diocese personally or to send a delegate. The visit was supposed to assure the bishop of the exact observance of ecclesiastical discipline (Council of Terragon, 1234). Nicholas V (1452) realizing that these visits were losing their character and usefulness, required periodic visitations to make them more effective. The need was also emphasiz...

Catholic Church. Congregatio super Disciplina Regulari.

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Catholic Church. Congregatio super Statu Regularium Ordinum.

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Catholic Church. Congregatio Concilii

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Shortly after the closing of the Council of Trent on December 4, 1563, Pius IV (1559-1565) appointed a commission of cardinals (Dec. 30, 1563) to ensure the application of the council's disciplinary decrees. With the motu proprio Alias Nos nonnullas (Aug. 2, 1564), he formally recognized this commission and established it as a permanent congregation called Congregatio super Executione et Observantia Sacri Concilii Tridentini et Aliarum Reformationum. From the beginning it was common...

Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Indice Librorum Prohibitorum.

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